Medical Cannabis Advocacy in Sub-Saharan Africa During the 2000s
Documenting the scattered, mostly undocumented activism that preceded the 2017–2020 legalization wave.
Medical Cannabis Advocacy in the Caribbean During the 1920s
Cannabis advocacy in the 1920s Caribbean was fragmented, community-based, and later romanticized.
Medical Cannabis Advocacy in the Caribbean During the 1990s
Religious freedom cases and early research laid groundwork for Caribbean cannabis reform.
Medical Cannabis Advocacy in the Middle East During the 1940s
The 1940s Middle East saw cannabis prohibition, not organized medical advocacy.
Medical Cannabis Advocacy in the Middle East During the 1960s
How basic science in Israel became confused with a medical movement that never existed.
Medical Cannabis Advocacy in the Middle East During the 1970s
Legal prohibition and laboratory science, not organized patient advocacy, defined 1970s Middle Eastern cannabi...
Medical Cannabis Advocacy in the United States During the 1960s
The 1960s created conditions for medical cannabis advocacy without producing an organized movement.
Mel Frank
American cannabis writer and photographer who published foundational grow guides in the 1970s–80s.
Michigan Proposal 1 (2018)
Michigan's 2018 voter-approved legalization and its regulatory framework and implementation challenges.
Minnesota Cannabis Legalization (2023)
Minnesota became the 23rd U.S. state to legalize adult-use cannabis, following a decade-long path through medi...
Nevada Question 2 (2016)
The 2016 ballot measure that legalized recreational cannabis in Nevada, establishing its regulatory and tax fr...
New Mexico Cannabis Legalization (2021)
New Mexico legalized adult-use cannabis via special session in April 2021, without a ballot initiative.
Ohio Issue 2 (2023)
Ohio's 2023 ballot measure legalizing adult-use cannabis for adults 21+, approved by voters with 57% support.
Operation Intercept (1969)
Nixon's 1969 border slowdown: coercive drug diplomacy disguised as interdiction.
Oregon Measure 91 (2014)
How Oregon became the third state to legalize recreational cannabis and how the law evolved after passage.
Oregon's 1973 Cannabis Decriminalization
Oregon became the first U.S. state to decriminalize cannabis possession in 1973 through a civil penalty framew...
Origins of the D.A.R.E. Program
Law enforcement's answer to 1980s drug panic—and what happened when research contradicted the hype.
Portugal's Drug Decriminalization (2001)
How Portugal reclassified drug possession as an administrative offense in 2001, reshaping global drug policy d...
Raphael Mechoulam
Israeli chemist who isolated THC and discovered the endocannabinoid system.
Reefer Madness (1936 film)
A 1936 morality picture transformed into prohibition-era propaganda by exploitation circuits and legalization...
Robert Connell Clarke
Botanist and ethnobotanist whose fieldwork and publications shaped modern cannabis breeding science.
Roger Adams
Elite organic chemist who isolated cannabidiol and advanced THC chemistry in the 1940s.
SAFE Banking Act: Legislative History
Twelve-year legislative struggle to protect banks serving legal cannabis businesses.
San Francisco Cannabis Buyers Club
The pioneering 1992 dispensary that shaped medical cannabis activism and policy.